Examples

Revolutionary cancer drug for chronic myeloid leukemia. First targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Inhibits p53-MDM2 interaction, reactivating tumor suppressor p53 in cancer cells.

The world's most widely used drug. Inhibits cyclooxygenase to reduce pain and inflammation.

Blocks adenosine receptors in the brain, preventing drowsiness and promoting alertness.

Inhibits phosphodiesterase type 5. Originally developed for hypertension, famously repurposed.

Tamiflu — the frontline antiviral for influenza. Blocks viral release from host cells.

Developed for COVID-19. Mimics adenosine and terminates viral RNA replication.

HIV protease inhibitor used in combination antiretroviral therapy for AIDS treatment.

Taxol — derived from Pacific yew tree bark. Stabilizes microtubules to halt cancer cell division.

The most prescribed diabetes drug globally. Activates AMP-activated protein kinase.

Selective estrogen receptor modulator for breast cancer. Blocks estrogen-driven tumor growth.

Aricept — first-line treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Inhibits acetylcholine breakdown.

Targets epidermal growth factor receptor in non-small cell lung cancer.

Lipitor — the best-selling drug in history. Lowers cholesterol by inhibiting its synthesis.

Antimetabolite chemotherapy drug. Blocks folate metabolism essential for DNA synthesis.

The drug that started the antibiotic revolution. Disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis.